PCB SENSORS
SENSORS FOR CHALLENGING TEST AND MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS
Our partner PCB manufactures sensors used by design engineers and predictive maintenance professionals to test and measure vibration, pressure, force, acoustics, load, and shock in research and development as well as industrial applications.
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Accelerometers
High Temperature Accelerometers
PCB offers specially designed and tested ICP and charge mode accelerometers for testing in extremely high temperatures. ICP accelerometers can withstand conditions of up to 180 °C (356 °F). These sensors combine proven quartz and ceramic shear sensing technology with specialized, built-in microelectronic signal conditioning circuitry to achieve dependable operation in extreme temperatures and through repetitive temperature cycling. Charge mode output accelerometers can operate at extremely high temperatures, up to 649 °C (1200 °F), because they do not contain the built-in signal conditioning electronics that limit the temperature range of ICP accelerometers. They use piezo-ceramic sensing elements that output an electrostatic charge signal proportional to the applied acceleration.
High Temperature ICP Accelerometers (≤+180 ºC / + 356 ºF)
These sensors combine proven quartz and ceramic shear sensing technology with specialized, built-in microelectronic signal conditioning circuitry to achieve dependable operation in extreme temperatures and through repetitive temperature cycling. Laser-welded, hermetically sealed, lightweight titanium or stainless steel housings offer further protection from the environment. Prior to shipment, each sensor undergoes a battery of tests to ensure survivability for its intended use. Such tests include temperature soak at elevated temperatures, temperature cycling, and exposure to highly accelerated screening procedures with hydraulically actuated shakers.
High Temp Accelerometers ≥ +254 to +649° C (+490 to +1200° F)
Charge mode output accelerometers from PCB use piezo-ceramic sensing elements that output an electrostatic charge signal proportional to the applied acceleration. These sensors can operate at extremely high temperatures because they do not contain the built-in signal conditioning electronics that limit the temperature range of ICP accelerometers. Charge mode sensors are used in the testing of gas and steam turbines, jet engines, high power motors, exhaust systems and automobile engines where temperatures can range from 260° C (500° F) to 649° C (1200° F). External signal conditioning is required to interface charge mode measurement signals to readout or recording instruments. The charge output signals can be conditioned with either a laboratory style charge amplifier or an in-line fixed charge converter. Each of these products convert the charge output to a low impedance voltage signal. It is important to note that measurement resolution and low-frequency response for charge mode sensing systems are dependent upon the noise floor and discharge time constant characteristics of the signal conditioning and readout devices used.
Cryogenic ICP Accelerometers
Cryogenic ICP accelerometers are specifically designed to operate at temperatures below the typical -54 ºC (-65 ºF) temperature limit of most voltage mode sensors. The use of specialized, built-in, cryogenic circuitry and quartz shear sensing technology promote survivability in demanding environments such as liquid nitrogen. Each sensor is hermetically sealed and individually tested to determine the thermal coefficient of sensitivity at -320 ºF (-196 ºC) ensuring reliable operation and accurate measurements. These sensors have been successfully used in the presence of liquid helium during structural testing of rocket boosters.
Piezoresistive MEMS Shock Accelerometers
Piezoresistive shock accelerometers, manufactured by MEMS technology, have low power consumption while still providing +/- 200 mV full scale output. They afford a wider operating temperature range when compared to mechanically isolated ICP® accelerometers. Their frequency response ranges from DC (0 Hz) to 20 kHz. To lessen the severity of response when their resonant frequency is excited, they incorporate squeeze film damping, achieving values of 0.02 to 0.06 of critical. The Endevco brand has long been the industry standard for reliable measurements in extreme high g environments. As a part of PCB's line of sensors, these sensors are now backed by our Total Customer Satisfaction guarantee. Endevco brand piezoresistive high g shock accelerometers are available in both damped and undamped models to provide high-reliability shock and vibration measurements in extreme environments. With available measurement ranges from 2,000 to 200,000 g, these accelerometers feature rugged piezoresistive MEMS sensing elements.
SMT Surface Mount MEMS High-G Shock Accelerometers
Piezoresistive MEMS high-amplitude shock accelerometers represent state-of-the-art industry technology for miniature, high amplitude, DC response acceleration sensors. This series is capable of measuring long duration transient motion as well as responding to and surviving extremely fast rise times, typical of a high-g shock event as found in explosive, gun and impact testing. Both packaged and OEM configurations are offered, to fulfill a variety of installation requirements. The hermetically sealed sensing element is air-damped with over range stops intended to improve survivability and is a full active Wheatstone bridge with high input resistance for low power consumption. It is micromachined from single crystal silicon and manufactured with the latest advances in etching techniques and equipment using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE).
Damped MEMS High-G Shock Accelerometers
Damped MEMS high-amplitude shock accelerometers represent state-of-the-art industry technology for miniature, high amplitude, DC response acceleration sensors. This series is capable of measuring long duration transient motion, as well as responding to and surviving extremely fast rise times, typical of a high-g shock event as found in explosive, gun and impact testing. Both packaged and OEM configurations are offered, to fulfill a variety of installation requirements. The hermetically sealed sensing element is air-damped with over range stops intended to improve survivability and is a full active Wheatstone bridge with high input resistance for low power consumption. It is micromachined from single crystal silicon and manufactured with the latest advances in etching techniques and equipment using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE).
Force Sensors
Force Sensors for Research & Development
PCB's quartz, piezoelectric force, and strain sensors are durable measurement devices with exceptional characteristics for measuring high frequency dynamic force and strain events. Typical measurements include dynamic and quasi-static forces encountered during actuation, compression, impact, impulse, reaction, and tension.
General Purpose Quartz Force Sensors
General purpose force sensors are offered in either stud or axial mounted configurations. They are internally pre-loaded and can be used for dynamic compression, tension, and impact force measurements. Tapped mounting holes on both ends of the radial connector style support link, platform, integrated link, and free-standing installations. The axial mounted type offers protection of the electrical connector and sensor cable from potential damage during drop testing and in free-standing installations. Supplied impact caps facilitate impact and drop force measurements. Versions offering full-scale measurement ranges of 10 lb to 5000 lb compression (45 to 22k N) and 500 lb (2200 N) tension are available. For higher ranges, consider the dedicated ring, link, or impact-style sensor configurations. Applications include matrix print-head studies, drop testing, machinery studies, punching and forming operations, impact testing, fatigue testing, fracture analysis, and materials testing.
Quartz ICP Force Rings
Ring-style sensor configurations measure dynamic compression. Tension measurements are also possible if the unit has been installed with proper pre-load. The through-hole mounting supports platform, integrated link, and support style installations using either a through-bolt or the supplied stud.
Quartz Charge Force Rings
Ring-style sensor configurations measure dynamic compression. Tension measurements are also possible if the unit has been installed with proper pre-load.
Quartz ICP Links
Link-style sensors measure dynamic compression and tension. They are constructed using a force ring that is under compressive pre-load between threaded mounting hardware. The threaded mounting on both ends of the sensor supports integrated link-style installations. Versions offering full-scale measurements of 10 lb to 50k lb (45 N to 220k N) compression and 30k lb (130k N) tension are available.
3-Component Quartz Force Rings and Links
Three-component dynamic force sensors are offered in both ICP and charge output configurations for dynamic and quasi-static force measurement applications. Each utilizes an array of precision aligned, quartz sensing crystals. Measurements along the z-axis are proportional to applied compression, tension and impact forces. Measurements along the x and y axes are proportional to shear forces that are imposed upon preloaded crystals by the test fixture. ICP models contain built-in microelectronic signal conditioning circuitry to provide clean, low-impedance output signals that can be transmitted over low cost cables and in adverse, industrial environments. Multi-pin connectors facilitate a single point hookup with common, multi-conductor cable. Charge output styles achieve higher temperature operation, and are suitable for applications requiring flexible setup and maximum signal-to-noise. Versions are available with ranges up to 10,000 lb (45 kN) in the z-axis (perpendicular to top surface) and to 4000 lb (18 kN) in the x- and y-axes. Both ICP and charge output styles are available. Metric mounting holes are also available. The 261 series features electrical isolation.
Quartz Impact Force Sensors
Impact-style sensors are specifically designed for impact force measurements. The sensor is typically mounted in a free-standing manner with the installed impact cap directed toward the oncoming object with which it will collide.
Miniature Quartz Force Sensors
Often the test engineer will try to take low level measurements with a sensors not rated for these low levels. Due to insufficient sensitivity the resulting data may be noisy, hard to analyze or unusable. Using the appropriately sized and ranged PCB Miniature Quartz Force Sensor solves the problem and gives reliable data at a Low Amplitude level. The miniature sensor configuration permits low-amplitude, dynamic compression, tension, and impact force measurements.
Force Sensor Mounting Accessories
Using force sensor mounting accessories by PCB is a best practice for quality sensor installation. When you install your force sensors with these accessories you can avoid time consuming errors. These vendor manufactured mounting accessories are field-proven, engineered devices. Note: Any model number preceded with the letter "M" denotes metric. Model 081B05 is a shoulder mounting stud; 084A03 is an impact cap; 081A05 is mounting stud; 081A08 is a dual sided mounting stud; 081A70 is a pre-load bolt, 081A25 is a cap screw, 084A01 is a flat impact plate and 084A03 is a convex plate.
MICROPHONES
Acoustic Condenser Microphones & Preamplifiers
When you need a microphone for product tests such as sound power, sound quality, noise source location, there's no need to compromise quality and performance for a great price. With 100% of its microphone manufacturing in-house, PCB Piezotronics provides condenser, modern prepolarized, traditional externally polarized, array, probe, low-profile surface and other specialty purpose microphones, preamplifiers and accessories.
Prepolarized Precision Condenser Microphones & Preamplifiers
Modern prepolarized microphones are designed with newer technology than traditional externally polarized microphones. Prepolarized microphones have many advantages over the externally polarized models. They use ICP® power circuitry invented for sensors by PCB®. By applying a polymer coating to the top of the backplate and embedding a charge on it, expensive 200V power supplies can be eliminated and 2-20 mA constant current supplies or signal conditioners can be used as the power source. Prepolarized models are better suited for portable applications or those in high humidity environments. An added benefit is the interchangeability with other test equipment such as accelerometers or piezoelectric pressure sensors. This lets you use low cost coaxial cables with 10-32, SMB or BNC connectors. With a multiple channel power supply, you can perform your vibration and acoustic tests within the same set-up, saving both time and money.
Externally Polarized Precision Condenser Microphones & Preamplifiers
Externally polarized microphones were the original standard for all test and measurement acoustic applications. This design utilizes a separate 200V power supply and special cables with 7 pin LEMO® connectors. Their simple design enables a large product offering. These microphones are commonly used to replace existing externally polarized microphones, or in cases where a prepolarized alternative is not available.
Externally Polarized Precision Condenser Microphones & Preamplifiers
PCB's phantom powered preamplifier 426A14 preamp offers flexibility by adapting to various microphone cartridges for specific tests. Users leverage one preamp with different cartridges for varied needs: low noise, high frequency, or multiple field responses. All compatible cartridges are high-quality, designed for accurate measurements and natural sound representation. Unlike some, PCB uses a stable metal diaphragm for consistent results and easy calibration. This system caters to precise test and measurement needs, even for stereo recording where matched microphones capture subtle sound details
Low Frequency Microphone System
This 1/2" microphone and preamplifier system, model 378A07 aids in low frequency testing, ideal for infrasound measurements and studies ranging from wind turbines to natural events like tornadoes. Model 378A07 is comprised of a 1/2” (12mm) 377A07 prepolarized microphone, a 426E01 preamplifier, and a low frequency filter adapter, Model 079A43. Low frequency measurements are commonly required for wind turbines, sonic booms, diesel engines and specialized loudspeaker systems to name a few.
Low Noise Prepolarized Microphone
The 378A04 is a matched system that is comprised of a high sensitivity microphone and a low noise preamplifier that contains a built-in filter that enables the free-field response to remain flat over a wide frequency range.
Dust and Water Resistant Array Microphone
This microphone with a replaceable water and dust resistant cover is ideal for high humidity applications, outdoor measurements or harsh industrial settings where dust or oil splash is a concern.
High Temperature Microphones
These microphones are used to make measurements in environments where operating temperatures can reach +125 ºC (+257 ºF ). Typical high temperature applications include engine, manifold, exhaust, transfer path, and HVAC testing.
Surface Microphones
These low profile microphones are used for measuring true surface pressure and noise. Its footprint allows noise measurements to be taken where traditional microphones will not fit. A water and dust resistant grid cap is ideal for dirty and rough environments. Typical applications include wind tunnel noise measurements, brake noise, acoustic fatigue analysis, and clear air turbulence (CAT) testing.
High Amplitude Pressure Microphones
High amplitude applications such as airbag testing, gunshot analysis, blast detection, and hearing preservation/safety require microphones that accurately measure high sound pressure levels.
Pressure Sensors
Pressure Transducers for Research & Development
A pressure sensor, is a transmitter that senses and converts pressure into an analog electrical signal. A piezoelectric pressure sensor has the ability to measure small pressure fluctuations at high static pressure levels. With ICP® amplified output, the sensors are well-suited for continuous operation in “dirty” environments, underwater, and in field test applications across long cables. Special low-noise cables and charge amplifiers are not required. These sensors are ideal for virtually all dynamic pressure applications where sensor temperatures range from -320 to+275 °F (-196 to +135 °C). For higher temperature applications, charge output sensors are available for use up to +1400 °F (+760 °C). Although piezoelectric pressure sensors are primarily recommended for dynamic pressure measurements, some quartz pressure sensors have long discharge time constants that extend low-frequency capability to permit static calibration and measurement of quasi-static pressures over a period of a few seconds. Solid state construction of a piezoelectric pressure transducer provides a wide linear measuring range such that PCB confidently provides calibrations at 100% and 10% of full scale output for most models.
General Purpose Pressure Sensors for High Frequency
PCB Series 113B dynamic pressure sensors set the standard for extremely fast, micro-second response with a wide amplitude and frequency range. These characteristics allow them to excel in high-frequency applications, where minimum sensor diameter is required.
Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors
Pressure Transducers for Research & Development Endevco's 8500 series features a unique silicon diaphragm design, which produces an extremely high output signal and high resonant frequency. It also results in extraordinary linearity and repeatability with virtually no hysteresis. •Measures Dynamic and Static Pressure •Excellent linearity and broad frequency response •Temperature compensated from 0 to 200°F (-18 to 93°C) •Gage sensors range as low as 0–1 psig and as high as 0–20,000 psig •Absolute pressure sensors range as low as 0–15 psia and as high as 0–2000 psia •Supplied with calibration cert in compliance with the ISO/IEC 17025 standard
Ground Isolated ICP Pressure Sensors
PCB Series 102B is a ground isolated version of the Series 113B. These sensors have all of the same features and benefits of the 113B Series, plus the added benefit of isolation, which helps prevent ground loop problems. This series can accommodate an optional ablative coating (Prefix: CA) to protect the diaphragm from thermal shock in flash-temperature applications.
Sub-Miniature ICP Pressure Sensors
PCB's sub-miniature 105C dynamic pressure sensors are specifically designed to fit into tight spaces where mounting space is at a premium. These sensors are excellent for cavitation studies due to a robust, solid diaphragm design. Measurement ranges include 100 psi and 1000 psi.
High Sensitivity Pressure Sensors
High sensitivity ICP® pressure sensors are for low pressure measurements requiring excellent resolution and small size. They are used to measure small dynamic hydraulic and pneumatic pressures such as turbulence, noise, sound, and pulsations, especially in adverse environments. They are capable of measuring high-intensity sound pressures from 111 to 210 dB at any static pressure level from full vacuum to 1,000 psi (6,895 kPa).
Extreme Environment Dynamic Pressure Sensors
The 102B1x Series ICP® pressure sensors feature ground isolation and low operating temperature capability ideal for measuring cryogenic pumps, cryogenic fuel systems, and rocket motor combustion instability. Each sensor is hermetically sealed and individually tested to determine the thermal coefficient of sensitivity at -196 °C (-320 °F) ensuring reliable operation and accurate measurements.
High Temperature Dynamic Pressure Sensors
PCB high temperature dynamic pressure sensors can be structured with a quartz element or a UHT-12™ element. Quartz sensors operate, without cooling, up to +399 °C (+750 °F) on compressors and pumps. Special mounting adaptors can be supplied to fit existing mounting holes. Water cooled adaptors are available to provide a lower temperature thermally stable environment that allow sensors to operate in applications above their normal operating range. UHT-12™ sensors operate without cooling up to +760 ºC (+1400 ºF) on turbines. Hard-line cables are recommended for operating temperatures above +260 °C (+500 °F). The cable can be welded to the sensor for operation in pressurized environments. All of these features ensure reliable operation in high temperature environments.
Hydraulic & Pneumatic Pressure Sensors
One of the toughest applications for pressure sensors is measuring high pressure, repetitive pulses, such as those encountered in hydraulic applications. However, our pressure sensors are designed to continuously measure repetitive pulses during applications such as hydraulic cylinder “torture” testing or diesel fuel injection. Ordinary diaphragm-type sensors usually fatigue quickly in such applications.